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Civil War Study Guide

Please study your Powerpoint slides!

 

• The Conflict Takes Shape

  • The country was divided between the North and South

  • Martial Law is rule by the army instead of the elected government

  • President Lincoln declared martial law to stop the angry mobs of people that attacked the Union troops

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• No Easy Victory

  • The Union planned a blockade of  southern ports by the navy

  • The Confederacy planned a defensive war until the North was tired of the fighting

  • The Battle of Bull Run was the first major encounter between the North and South, no side won the battle

  • The Merrimack and Monitor, two ironclad ships, were used in battle

  • Their was no victory at the Battle of Antietam, but 23,000 Union and Confederate soldiers died in battle

  • President Lincoln chose Ulysses S. Grant to replace George McClellan as the General of the Union Army

  • The Confederacy won the Battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville

  • Stone Wall Jackson, a Confederate General, was killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville

  • General Ulysses S. Grant won the Battle of Shiloh for the Union

 

• A Promise of Freedom

  • President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation that freed all black people from slavery

  • The 54th Massachusetts Regiment was a African American Regiment that fought at Fort Wagner; almost half the regiment was killed in the battle

 

• Hardships of War

  • Sick and wounded soldiers faced crude medical care, amputations and diseases were common

  • To pay for the war Congress and the Confederacy  passed an income tax, or a tax on people’s earnings

  • The North experienced inflation, or a rise in prices and a decrease in the value of money

  • Profiteers charges excessive prices for the goods that the government desperately needed for war

  • The Draft Law was signed in the Union and Confederacy, it required all able bodied men to serve the army

  • Women worked nursing the wounded soldiers

  • Dorothea Dix worked on reforming prisons and mental hospitals

  • Clara Barton established the Red Cross

 

• The War Ends.

  • General Grant lay siege to Vicksburg, a siege is a military encirclement of an enemy position and blockading or bombarding it order to force them to surrender

  • The Union won the victory at Vicksburg and Gettysburg

  • The Confederacy suffered heavy losses at the Battle of Gettysburg

  • The last Confederacy charge against the Union was at Pickett’s Charge

  • President gave his Gettysburg Address, he said the war was a test of whether a democratic nation could survive

  • General William Tecumseh Sherman marches down south destroying everything in his path

  • Lincoln was reelected as President of the United States

  • General Robert E. Lee surrenders the Confederate Army to General Grant at the Appomattox Court House

  • The Civil War ends